We present a review of the basic operating principles and measurement schemes of standalone and hybrid distributed optical fiber sensors based on Raman and Brillouin scattering phenomena.Such sensors have been attracting a great deal of attention due to the wide industrial applications they offer, ranging from energy to oil and gas, transportation

Methamphetamine (meth) increases monoamine oxidase (MAO)-dependent mitochondrial stress in axons of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), and ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons.Chronic administration of meth results in SNc degeneration and MAO inhibition is neuroprotective, whereas, the VTA is resistant to degeneration.This differential

The molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic bone diseases, including renal osteodystrophy, are poorly understood.Transcriptomics are increasingly used to characterize biological molecular networks and prove promising in identifying therapeutic targets and biomarkers.A reliable method for obtaining sufficient amounts of high quality RNA from human

Abstract After traumatic events, simple cue-threat associative memories strengthen while episodic memories become incoherent.However, how the brain prioritises cue associations over episodic coding of traumatic events remains unclear.Here, we developed an original episodic threat conditioning paradigm in which participants concurrently form Art two

Summary Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) are facile and potent tools used to modify a gene of interest for targeted gene knockout.TALENs consist of an N-terminal domain, a DNA-binding domain, and a C-terminal domain, which are derived from a transcription activator-like effector, and the non-specific nuclease domain of FokI.